How ATAR and Equivalent Scores Work for International Students

If you’re an international student planning to study in Australia, you’ve probably come across the term “ATAR” and wondered whether you need one. Here’s the straightforward answer: international students don’t receive an ATAR score. Instead, Australian universities convert your international qualifications into an ATAR equivalent to assess your eligibility for admission.

This conversion process might seem confusing at first, but understanding how it works is essential for your university application. Whether you’ve completed the IB Diploma, GCE A-Levels, Indian CBSE, Chinese Gaokao, or any other international qualification, Australian universities have established systems to evaluate your academic achievements fairly alongside domestic students.

The good news? You don’t need to stress about taking additional tests or earning an actual ATAR. The less good news? You do need to understand what ATAR equivalent your qualification translates to, and whether it meets the entry requirements for your chosen course. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know about ATAR and equivalent scores, complete with conversion tables, application processes, and practical tips for strengthening your university application.

TL;DR – Quick Facts About ATAR for International Students

International students studying overseas do NOT receive an ATAR – only Australian Year 12 students get one
Exception: International students completing Year 12 in Australia DO receive an ATAR
Universities convert your qualifications to an ATAR equivalent (also called Selection Rank or Combined Rank)
Each qualification has conversion tables: IB, A-Levels, SAT, Indian boards, Chinese Gaokao, and 50+ other qualifications
ATAR is a ranking, not a score: It ranges from 0.00 to 99.95 and shows your position compared to all Australian Year 12 students
Example conversions: IB 36 ≈ 91.45 ATAR | A-Levels AAA ≈ 93+ ATAR | Indian 12th 85% ≈ 80-85 ATAR (varies by university)
You apply directly to universities or through state admission centers, not through a centralized ATAR system
Meeting the ATAR equivalent doesn’t guarantee admission – you also need to satisfy English requirements, prerequisites, and course-specific criteria

What is ATAR? Understanding the Australian Tertiary Admission Rank

The Australian Tertiary Admission Rank (ATAR) is Australia’s national ranking system that measures how well Year 12 students performed academically compared to their peers across the country. Think of it as a percentile ranking rather than a test score or grade.

How ATAR Works as a Percentile Ranking

ATAR operates on a scale from 0.00 to 99.95, increasing in increments of 0.05. Here’s what these numbers actually mean:

An ATAR of 90.00 means you performed better than 90% of students in your age cohort
An ATAR of 75.00 means you’re in the top 25% of students
An ATAR of 99.50 means you’re in the top 0.5% nationally

Important distinction: ATAR is NOT a percentage score out of 100. An ATAR of 70 doesn’t mean you scored 70% on your exams. It means you ranked higher than 70% of all Year 12 students.

Who Receives an ATAR?

Only these groups receive an official ATAR:

✅ Australian citizens completing Year 12 in Australia
✅ New Zealand citizens completing Year 12 in Australia
✅ Australian permanent residents completing Year 12
✅ International students completing Year 12 in Australia

❌ International students studying overseas do NOT receive an ATAR

How ATAR is Calculated

While specific calculation methods vary slightly between Australian states (NSW, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia, Tasmania, Northern Territory, and ACT), the general process involves:

Raw subject scores from your Year 12 exams and assessments
Scaling to account for subject difficulty and student performance distribution
Aggregate calculation combining your best subjects (usually 4-5 subjects including English)
Ranking all students by their aggregate scores
ATAR assignment converting your rank to the 0.00-99.95 scale

Each Australian state has its own Tertiary Admissions Centre (TAC) responsible for calculating ATAR:

State/Territory	Admission Centre	Abbreviation
New South Wales & ACT	Universities Admissions Centre	UAC
Victoria	Victorian Tertiary Admissions Centre	VTAC
Queensland	Queensland Tertiary Admissions Centre	QTAC
South Australia & Northern Territory	South Australian Tertiary Admissions Centre	SATAC
Western Australia	Tertiary Institutions Service Centre	TISC
Tasmania	University of Tasmania (acts as own centre)	UTAS

For international students, understanding these state systems matters because different cities in Australia have different universities, and you might be applying to institutions in multiple states.

Do International Students Need an ATAR?

The short answer: No, international students do not need an ATAR to apply to Australian universities.

Here’s why this can be confusing: Australian university course pages often list ATAR requirements like “minimum ATAR 80” or “ATAR 85 for guaranteed entry.” These requirements are primarily for domestic students. As an international student, you won’t have an ATAR on your academic transcript.

The Exception: International Students Completing Year 12 in Australia

If you’re an international student who is currently enrolled in an Australian high school and completing Year 12 (VCE, HSC, QCE, SACE, WACE, etc.), then you WILL receive an ATAR just like domestic students. In this case, you apply through the same pathways as Australian students.

How Universities Handle International Applications

Behind the scenes, universities perform a conversion process:

You submit your international qualification (IB results, A-Level grades, Indian board marks, etc.)
The university’s admissions office converts these to an ATAR equivalent
Your equivalent score is compared against the course’s entry requirements
You’re assessed alongside other applicants using this standardized measure

This process ensures fairness – universities can compare a student who completed A-Levels in the UK, another who finished the IB in Singapore, and a third who studied the Indian CBSE curriculum, all using the same ATAR-equivalent scale.

Understanding Selection Rank vs ATAR vs Combined Rank

You might encounter different terminology:

ATAR: The actual rank given to Australian Year 12 students
Selection Rank (SR): Your ATAR (or ATAR equivalent) plus any adjustment factors or bonus points
Combined Rank: The ATAR-equivalent given to IB Diploma students
ATAR equivalent: The converted score for international qualifications

For practical purposes, these all serve the same function: determining whether you meet the academic entry requirements for your chosen course.

If you’re planning your Australian student visa journey, understanding ATAR equivalents is crucial because it affects which courses you’re eligible to study.

How International Qualifications Convert to ATAR

The conversion from international qualifications to ATAR equivalents is not arbitrary – it’s based on careful statistical analysis and alignment processes conducted by Australian tertiary admission centers and individual universities.

The Conversion Process Explained

Universities use several factors when converting your qualification:

1. Overall Academic Performance
Your final grades, percentages, or scores across all subjects are considered. For some qualifications, only the best subjects count; for others, all subjects factor into the calculation.

2. Subject Rigor and Difficulty
Advanced or Higher Level subjects often carry more weight. For example, in IB, Higher Level subjects contribute differently than Standard Level subjects.

3. Standardization Across Cohorts
Conversion tables are updated annually to account for changes in curriculum difficulty and student performance distribution.

4. University-Specific Policies
While most universities use similar conversion methods, slight variations exist. A university might be slightly more generous or strict in their conversions.

Why Conversions Vary Between Universities

You might notice that different Australian universities list slightly different ATAR equivalent requirements for the same international qualification. This happens because:

Each university conducts its own analysis
Course competitiveness affects what universities accept in practice
Some universities factor in their own adjustment points or bonus schemes
Regional universities may have more flexible conversion approaches than Group of Eight universities

Important Conversion Principles

✓ Conversions are approximate guides – They’re not exact science
✓ Meeting the minimum doesn’t guarantee admission – Competitive courses often require higher scores
✓ Subject prerequisites matter – You might meet the ATAR equivalent but lack required subjects
✓ English proficiency is separate – ATAR equivalent doesn’t replace IELTS/TOEFL requirements
✓ Conversions can change annually – Always check the current year’s tables

Understanding how much it costs to study in different Australian cities can help you make informed decisions alongside considering ATAR requirements.

Complete Guide to ATAR Conversion by Qualification

Let’s dive into specific conversion information for major international qualifications. These conversions are based on 2025-2026 data from Australian tertiary admission centers and universities.

International Baccalaureate (IB) to ATAR

The IB Diploma is one of the most widely recognized qualifications in Australia. IB students receive special treatment through the Combined Rank system.

Understanding IB Combined Rank

IB students in Australia receive two scores:

IB Diploma Score (whole number out of 45, e.g., 36, 37, 38)
IB Admissions Score (IBAS) (decimal score, e.g., 37.00, 37.25, 37.50, 37.75)

The IBAS adds decimal places based on your performance within each IB score band, allowing finer differentiation between students with the same whole number score.

IB to ATAR Conversion Table (2025-2026)

IB Diploma Score	ATAR Equivalent	Percentage of Students
45	99.95	Top 0.05%
44	99.90	Top 0.10%
43	99.80	Top 0.20%
42	99.65	Top 0.35%
41	99.35	Top 0.65%
40	98.90	Top 1.10%
39	98.35	Top 1.65%
38	97.65	Top 2.35%
37	96.80	Top 3.20%
36	95.75	Top 4.25%
35	94.40	Top 5.60%
34	93.25	Top 6.75%
33	91.90	Top 8.10%
32	90.35	Top 9.65%
31	88.55	Top 11.45%
30	86.50	Top 13.50%
29	84.20	Top 15.80%
28	81.65	Top 18.35%
27	78.90	Top 21.10%
26	75.95	Top 24.05%
25	72.80	Top 27.20%
24	69.50	Top 30.50%

What this means in practice:

If you score IB 36, you’re performing at an ATAR 95.75 level – better than approximately 95.75% of Australian Year 12 students
An IB 30 converts to approximately ATAR 86.50 – a solid score that meets requirements for most bachelor degrees
IB 40 or above is exceptional, equivalent to ATAR 98.90+, opening doors to highly competitive courses like medicine and law

IB Subject Equivalencies

Australian universities also assess IB subjects against Australian Year 12 prerequisites. For example:

IB Mathematics (HL or SL) satisfies mathematics prerequisites
IB Chemistry HL meets chemistry requirements for science/health courses
IB English A or B can satisfy English proficiency requirements (depending on grade achieved)

How to Submit IB Results

To apply to Australian universities with your IB:

Authorize IB to release results to the Australian Tertiary Admissions Centre (UAC, VTAC, QTAC, etc.)
Upload your official IB documents to your university application
Check if your school is registered for automatic result transmission

IB students studying in Australia will automatically receive their Combined Rank when results are released in January.

GCE A-Levels to ATAR

A-Levels are highly regarded in Australia and convert relatively straightforwardly to ATAR equivalents. Australian universities typically use your best 3 or 4 A-Level subjects, whichever provides the higher rank.

A-Level Points System

Australian universities use a points-based conversion:

A = 6 points*
A = 5 points
B = 4 points
C = 3 points
D = 2 points
E = 1 point

Your total points from your best 3-4 subjects are then converted to an ATAR equivalent.

A-Levels to ATAR Conversion Table

A-Level Grades	Points (Best 3)	Points (Best 4)	Approximate ATAR
AAA*	18	24	99.00+
AAA	17	23	98.00-98.50
A*AA	16	22	96.50-97.50
AAA	15	21	95.00-96.00
AAB	14	20	93.00-94.50
ABB	13	19	91.00-92.50
BBB	12	18	88.00-90.00
BBC	11	17	85.00-87.50
BCC	10	16	82.00-84.50
CCC	9	15	78.00-81.50
CCD	8	14	74.00-77.50
CDD	7	13	70.00-73.50
DDD	6	12	65.00-69.50

Important A-Level considerations:

AS-Levels count differently: Some universities accept AS-Levels at half the value of full A-Levels
Subject combinations matter: Having Mathematics and Science subjects can strengthen applications for technical courses
Timing of exams: All A-Levels should be taken in the same academic year, with one exception allowed from the previous or following year
Resits: Universities generally accept resit results, but some competitive courses may prefer first-sitting results

A-Level Subject Prerequisites

For Australian course prerequisites, A-Level subjects map directly:

A-Level Mathematics = Australian Mathematics/Methods prerequisite
A-Level Chemistry = Australian Chemistry prerequisite
A-Level Physics = Australian Physics prerequisite
A-Level English Language/Literature = Can satisfy English requirements (check minimum grade)

If you’re considering which Australian city to study in, A-Level students generally have strong acceptance rates across all major universities.

SAT and ACT Scores to ATAR

American students should note that SAT or ACT scores alone are NOT sufficient for Australian university entry. You must present these test scores in combination with a recognized high school diploma or graduation certificate.

SAT to ATAR Conversion

SAT Total Score (out of 1600)	Approximate ATAR Equivalent
1550-1600	98.00-99.00
1500-1549	95.00-97.50
1450-1499	92.00-94.50
1400-1449	89.00-91.50
1350-1399	86.00-88.50
1300-1349	83.00-85.50
1250-1299	80.00-82.50
1200-1249	77.00-79.50
1150-1199	74.00-76.50
1100-1149	70.00-73.50
1050-1099	65.00-69.50

ACT to ATAR Conversion

ACT Composite Score	Approximate ATAR Equivalent
34-36	98.00-99.00
31-33	94.00-97.50
28-30	89.00-93.50
25-27	84.00-88.50
22-24	78.00-83.50
19-21	72.00-77.50

Important for US students:

Your US High School GPA is also considered and should be at least 3.0 on a 4.0 scale
AP (Advanced Placement) courses strengthen your application
Subject prerequisites must be met through your high school curriculum
TOEFL or IELTS scores are still required for English proficiency

Indian Qualifications to ATAR

Indian students form one of the largest international student groups in Australia. Both CBSE and ICSE board results convert to ATAR equivalents.

Indian CBSE/ICSE Class 12 to ATAR

Class 12 Percentage	Approximate ATAR Equivalent
95-100%	95.00-99.00
90-94%	90.00-94.50
85-89%	85.00-89.50
80-84%	80.00-84.50
75-79%	75.00-79.50
70-74%	70.00-74.50
65-69%	65.00-69.50
60-64%	60.00-64.50

Notes for Indian students:

Conversions can vary significantly between universities
Science stream students often receive favorable consideration for technical courses
All India Senior School Certificate (CBSE) and Indian School Certificate (ICSE/ISC) are both recognized
State board results are also accepted but conversion methods may differ
A GPA of 8.0/10 typically converts to ATAR 80-85, but this varies by institution

Indian State Boards

Students who completed state board examinations (Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, etc.) are also eligible. Universities generally look for:

First Class (60%+) for most courses
Distinction (75%+) for competitive programs
Subject-specific marks for prerequisite requirements

Understanding the cost of living in different Australian cities helps Indian students budget alongside their study plans.

Chinese Gaokao to ATAR

The Chinese National Higher Education Entrance Examination (Gaokao) is recognized by all major Australian universities.

Gaokao to ATAR Conversion

Gaokao scores are calculated as a percentage of the maximum provincial score (usually 750 points, but varies by province):

Gaokao Percentage	Approximate ATAR Equivalent
90-100%	95.00-99.00
85-89%	90.00-94.50
80-84%	85.00-89.50
75-79%	80.00-84.50
70-74%	75.00-79.50
65-69%	70.00-74.50

Example calculation:

If you scored 600/750 in Shanghai:

Percentage = (600 ÷ 750) × 100 = 80%
ATAR equivalent ≈ 85.00-89.50

Important for Gaokao students:

Provincial differences matter – Maximum scores vary (750 in most provinces, 660 in Shanghai, etc.)
Universities look at your percentage relative to maximum score
English sub-score may be considered separately for English proficiency
Some universities accept Gaokao for direct entry, while others require foundation studies

Other International Qualifications

Australian universities recognize 100+ international qualifications. Here’s a quick reference for other major systems:

Hong Kong HKDSE to ATAR

HKDSE Score (Best 5 subjects)	Approximate ATAR
30-35 (mostly 5-5*)	95.00-99.00
25-29 (mostly 4-5)	85.00-94.50
20-24 (mostly 3-4)	75.00-84.50
15-19 (mostly 2-3)	65.00-74.50

German Abitur to ATAR

Abitur Grade	Approximate ATAR
1.0-1.5	95.00-99.00
1.6-2.0	90.00-94.50
2.1-2.5	85.00-89.50
2.6-3.0	80.00-84.50
3.1-3.5	75.00-79.50

Malaysia STPM to ATAR

STPM GPA (Average of all subjects)	Approximate ATAR
3.67-4.00	90.00-95.00
3.33-3.66	85.00-89.50
3.00-3.32	80.00-84.50
2.67-2.99	75.00-79.50
2.33-2.66	70.00-74.50

Vietnamese High School Graduation to ATAR

Grade 12 GPA	Approximate ATAR
9.0-10.0	90.00-95.00
8.0-8.9	80.00-89.50
7.0-7.9	70.00-79.50
6.0-6.9	60.00-69.50

West African WASSCE to ATAR

WASSCE Score (Best 5 subjects including English)	Approximate ATAR
A1-B2 (aggregate 5-12)	85.00-95.00
B3-C4 (aggregate 13-18)	75.00-84.50
C5-C6 (aggregate 19-24)	65.00-74.50
D7-E8 (aggregate 25-30)	55.00-64.50

For comprehensive conversion tables specific to your qualification, always check with your target university’s international admissions page or the relevant state tertiary admission center.

Understanding Course Entry Requirements

Meeting the ATAR equivalent is just the first step. Australian universities consider multiple factors when assessing international applications.

Minimum ATAR Requirements by Course Type

Different fields of study have different entry thresholds. Here’s what you generally need:

Arts, Humanities & Social Sciences

ATAR equivalent: 65.00-85.00

Bachelor of Arts: 65-75
Bachelor of International Relations: 70-80
Bachelor of Psychology: 75-85
Bachelor of Social Work: 70-80

These courses are generally more accessible, making them good options if your ATAR equivalent falls in the 65-80 range. If you’re interested in studying arts or humanities in Melbourne, entry requirements tend to be moderate.

Business & Commerce

ATAR equivalent: 75.00-95.00

Bachelor of Business: 70-80
Bachelor of Commerce: 75-85
Bachelor of Accounting: 75-83
Bachelor of Economics: 80-90
Bachelor of Commerce (Melbourne): 85-92
Bachelor of Commerce (Sydney): 90-95

Business courses at prestigious universities like University of Melbourne, University of Sydney, or UNSW require higher ATAR equivalents due to high demand. Understanding different business degree options can help you choose the right pathway.

Science & Technology

ATAR equivalent: 75.00-95.00

Bachelor of Science: 75-85
Bachelor of Computer Science: 80-90
Bachelor of Information Technology: 75-85
Bachelor of Data Science: 85-92
Bachelor of Biotechnology: 80-88

Science courses often have subject prerequisites (Chemistry, Physics, Mathematics) that you must have studied and achieved minimum grades in.

Engineering

ATAR equivalent: 80.00-95.00

Bachelor of Engineering (most disciplines): 80-90
Bachelor of Software Engineering: 85-92
Bachelor of Aerospace Engineering: 88-94
Bachelor of Biomedical Engineering: 85-91

Engineering requires strong mathematics and physics backgrounds. Check out our guide on choosing an engineering major in Australia for more details.

Health Sciences

ATAR equivalent: 85.00-99.95

Bachelor of Nursing: 70-82 (varies widely by university)
Bachelor of Pharmacy: 85-92
Bachelor of Physiotherapy: 90-95
Bachelor of Dentistry: 95-99
Bachelor of Medicine: 95-99.95

Health courses are among the most competitive and often require:

Additional entrance exams (UCAT for medicine)
Interviews
Portfolios or personal statements
Specific subject prerequisites

Law

ATAR equivalent: 95.00-99.50

Bachelor of Laws (single): 95-97
Bachelor of Laws (Melbourne/Sydney): 97-99.5
Combined Law degrees: 95-98

Law is extremely competitive. Even meeting the ATAR equivalent doesn’t guarantee admission to top law schools.

Beyond the ATAR Equivalent: Other Requirements

English Language Proficiency

ATAR equivalent does NOT replace English language requirements. All international students must demonstrate English proficiency through:

IELTS Academic: Typically 6.0-7.0 overall (varies by course)
TOEFL iBT: Typically 60-100 (varies by course)
PTE Academic: Typically 50-65 (varies by course)
Cambridge English: Typically 169-185 (varies by course)

Exception: Some IB or A-Level English results at certain grades may satisfy English requirements.

Subject Prerequisites

Even with a high ATAR equivalent, you might be ineligible for courses if you haven’t studied required subjects:

Engineering: Requires Mathematics (advanced level) and often Physics
Medicine/Dentistry: Requires Chemistry and often Biology
Pharmacy: Requires Chemistry
Computer Science: Often requires Mathematics
Architecture: May require Art/Design portfolio

Check your course’s assumed knowledge and prerequisites on the university website.

Additional Selection Criteria

Some courses require:

Portfolio submission (Architecture, Design, Creative Arts)
Audition (Music, Performing Arts)
Entrance tests (UCAT for Medicine, GAMSAT for graduate-entry Medicine)
Personal statement or motivation letter
Interview (Medicine, Dentistry, Teaching, Social Work)
Work experience or volunteering (some Allied Health programs)

Adjustment Factors and Bonus Points

Some universities offer adjustment factors for:

Regional or disadvantaged backgrounds
Specific subject combinations that align with the degree
Elite Athlete or Performer schemes
Educational Access Schemes for students facing barriers

International students studying overseas generally do NOT qualify for most adjustment schemes. However, international students studying Year 12 in Australia may be eligible.

How to Apply to Australian Universities with International Qualifications

The application process differs depending on your circumstances and which state/territory you’re applying to.

Direct University Applications

Most international students apply directly to universities, not through centralized systems.

Step 1: Choose Your Universities and Courses

Research and select:

3-5 universities across different ATAR requirement bands
Specific courses (course codes matter)
Campus locations if universities have multiple campuses

Consider using our city guides for Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, and Adelaide to inform your decision.

Step 2: Check Entry Requirements

For each course, verify:

ATAR equivalent requirement
English language requirement
Subject prerequisites
Additional selection criteria

Step 3: Prepare Required Documents

Standard documents include:

✅ Academic transcripts (certified English translations if needed)
✅ Graduation certificate or diploma
✅ English language test results (IELTS/TOEFL/PTE)
✅ Passport copy
✅ Personal statement (if required)
✅ CV/Resume (for some courses)
✅ Portfolio (for creative courses)
✅ Reference letters (if required)

Check our complete documents checklist for university applications for detailed guidance.

Step 4: Submit Applications

Online application portals: Most universities have dedicated international student portals
Application fees: AUD $50-$150 per application (varies by university)
Multiple applications allowed: You can apply to as many universities as you want
Deadlines: Usually 2-3 months before semester starts, but can vary

Step 5: Receive Assessment

Universities will:

Convert your qualification to ATAR equivalent
Assess against entry requirements
Contact you for any additional information
Issue offer letter (unconditional or conditional)

Step 6: Accept Offer and Pay Deposit

Accept your preferred offer
Pay tuition deposit (usually first semester or AUD $5,000-$10,000)
Receive Confirmation of Enrolment (CoE) for visa application

Understanding the full student visa application process helps you plan your timeline.

State Tertiary Admission Centers (TACs)

Some international students can apply through state TACs, but this is limited:

Universities Admissions Centre (UAC) – NSW/ACT

Who can use it: International students completing Year 12 in NSW/ACT
Courses covered: Undergraduate courses at NSW and ACT universities
Website: www.uac.edu.au
Application fee: Around AUD $55-$170 depending on number of preferences

Victorian Tertiary Admissions Centre (VTAC) – Victoria

Who can use it: International students completing Year 12 in Victoria
Courses covered: Victorian universities and TAFEs
Website: www.vtac.edu.au
Application fee: Around AUD $40-$100

Queensland Tertiary Admissions Centre (QTAC) – Queensland

Who can use it: International students completing Year 12 in Queensland
Courses covered: Queensland universities
Website: www.qtac.edu.au

Other TACs

SATAC (South Australia/NT): www.satac.edu.au
TISC (Western Australia): www.tisc.edu.au

Important: Most international students studying overseas cannot use TAC systems and must apply directly to universities.

Application Timing

Intake	Application Opens	Application Deadline	Course Starts
Semester 1 (Main)	August-September	October-December	February-March
Semester 2	March-April	May-June	July-August
Trimester 3 (some unis)	August-September	October	November

Pro tip: Apply 3-6 months before your intended start date to allow time for:

Application processing (2-6 weeks)
Visa application (4-8 weeks)
Travel arrangements
Accommodation setup

Check our guide on organizing financial documents for student visa to prepare properly.

Alternative Pathways If Your ATAR Equivalent Falls Short

Don’t panic if your ATAR equivalent doesn’t meet the direct entry requirement. Australia offers multiple pathway options.

Foundation Programs (University Preparation Programs)

What it is: A bridging course lasting 6-12 months that prepares you for university study.

Who it’s for:

Students whose ATAR equivalent is 5-10 points below requirements
Students who lack specific prerequisites
Students wanting to strengthen English before starting degree

How it works:

Complete foundation program (usually requires ATAR equivalent 50-65)
Achieve required grades in foundation (typically 65-75% average)
Guaranteed pathway to first year of bachelor degree at that university

Advantages:

Guaranteed entry if you meet foundation requirements
Strengthens academic English and study skills
Adjusts you to Australian education system
Usually on-campus with access to university facilities

Example:

Target: Bachelor of Commerce at University of Melbourne (ATAR 95)
Your score: ATAR equivalent 85
Pathway: Complete Trinity College Foundation Studies → Guaranteed entry to Melbourne Commerce

Cost: AUD $20,000-$35,000 for foundation year

Diploma to Bachelor Pathways

What it is: Complete a diploma (usually 8-12 months) that provides credit transfer into second year of a bachelor degree.

Who it’s for:

Students with ATAR equivalent 60-75
Students seeking a more practical first-year alternative
Students wanting to save money on first year

How it works:

Complete Diploma (e.g., Diploma of Business)
Transfer directly into Year 2 of related bachelor degree
Complete remaining 2 years of bachelor

Advantages:

Smaller class sizes in diploma stage
More practical, hands-on learning
Often cheaper than university first year
Same bachelor degree at the end

Example:

Target: Bachelor of IT (3 years)
Pathway: Diploma of IT (1 year) → Year 2 of Bachelor of IT (2 years)
Total time: Still 3 years
Savings: AUD $5,000-$10,000

Learn more about diploma pathways in Australia and diploma vs bachelor options.

TAFE to University Transfer

What it is: Study at a Technical and Further Education (TAFE) institute, then transfer to university with credit.

Who it’s for:

Students with ATAR equivalent 55-70
Students wanting vocational skills alongside academic qualifications
Students on tighter budgets

How it works:

Complete Certificate IV or Diploma at TAFE (6 months – 2 years)
Apply for university with TAFE qualifications
Receive credit for relevant units
Complete bachelor degree (2-2.5 years remaining)

Example:

Start: Diploma of Nursing at TAFE (1.5 years)
Transfer: Bachelor of Nursing at university (2 years with credit)
Result: Bachelor degree in 3.5 years total

Explore TAFE vs university options and cheapest TAFE courses to understand this pathway better.

University Preparation Programs (Enabling Courses)

Some universities offer enabling programs or special entry programs:

University of Sydney Preparation Program (USPP)
RMIT Foundation Studies
UTS College Programs

These typically run 6-12 months and guarantee entry upon completion with required grades.

Lower ATAR Requirement Courses

Consider applying to:

Regional Universities: Often have lower ATAR requirements while offering quality education

Charles Sturt University
University of Southern Queensland
University of New England

Different Course Codes: Sometimes the same field has variations

Bachelor of Business vs Bachelor of Business Administration
Bachelor of Science vs Bachelor of Applied Science
Bachelor of IT vs Bachelor of Computing

Different Majors: Some majors within the same degree have lower requirements

Engineering (Civil) might have lower ATAR than Engineering (Software)

Graduate Diploma for Career Changers

If you already have a bachelor degree (in any field), you can:

Apply for a Graduate Diploma in your new field (requires bachelor degree, not specific ATAR)
Use Graduate Diploma to gain entry to Masters programs

This works particularly well for:

Professionals changing careers
Students whose undergraduate grades were low but improved later

Learn about postgraduate pathways if your grades aren’t ideal.

Mature Age Entry

Students over 21 years old may qualify for mature age entry based on:

Work experience
Life experience
Previous study (even if incomplete)
Personal statements

This completely bypasses ATAR requirements for eligible students.

State-Specific Information: ATAR Calculation Differences

While ATAR is nationally comparable, each Australian state calculates it slightly differently. Understanding these differences helps if you’re comparing universities across states.

New South Wales & ACT (UAC)

Calculation method:

Based on 10 units of study
Best 2 units of English (compulsory) + best 8 units from remaining subjects
Subjects are scaled based on difficulty and cohort performance
Aggregate calculated out of approximately 500 points

Unique features:

English is compulsory and must be included
Extension subjects (Extension 1, Extension 2) have higher scaling
Performance bands help differentiate students

Major universities: University of Sydney, UNSW, University of Technology Sydney, Macquarie University, Western Sydney University, Australian National University (Canberra)

Victoria (VTAC)

Calculation method:

Based on study scores (0-50 scale) for each subject
English/EAL + best 3 subjects (Primary Four) counted fully
Next best 2 subjects count 10% each
Aggregate maximum approximately 210

Unique features:

VCE scaling uses different methodology
General Achievement Test (GAT) provides scaling reference
Derived Examination Score if needed

Major universities: University of Melbourne, Monash University, RMIT University, Deakin University, La Trobe University, Swinburne University

Planning to study in Victoria? Check our Melbourne living guide for students.

Queensland (QTAC)

Calculation method (changed from OP to ATAR in 2020):

Based on best five General subjects
Can include Applied subjects and VET qualifications
Subjects receive scaled scores
Aggregate calculated from scaled results

Unique features:

Relatively recent adoption of ATAR (2020)
Previously used Overall Position (OP) system
Internal and external assessment combined

Major universities: University of Queensland, Queensland University of Technology, Griffith University, James Cook University, Bond University

Considering Queensland? Read our Brisbane guide for international students.

South Australia & Northern Territory (SATAC)

Calculation method:

Based on best 90 credits of Tertiary Admission Subjects
Credits scaled to create university aggregate
Aggregate converted to percentile rank
Participation rate adjustment applied

Unique features:

SACE (SA) or NTCET (NT) qualifications
Must include Stage 2 subjects
Modified Subject (MS) adjustments available

Major universities: University of Adelaide, University of South Australia, Flinders University

Learn about studying in Adelaide as an international student.

Western Australia (TISC)

Calculation method:

Based on Tertiary Entrance Aggregate (TEA)
Best 4 ATAR course scaled scores
Maximum aggregate 400 points (increasing to 4×100=400 from 2026)
Scaled scores combine school and external assessments

Unique features:

WACE (Western Australian Certificate of Education) qualification required
Language Other Than English (LOTE) bonus available
Subject bonuses for certain courses

Major universities: University of Western Australia, Curtin University, Murdoch University, Edith Cowan University

Explore living in Perth as a student.

Tasmania (UTAS)

Calculation method:

Based on Tertiary Entrance Score (TE Score)
Best five equivalent scaled scores from Level 3 or Level 4 courses
Two years of study considered (Years 11-13)
Years don’t need to be consecutive

Unique features:

TCE (Tasmanian Certificate of Education) qualification
Only one major university (University of Tasmania)
Direct application to UTAS, not through separate TAC

Why This Matters for International Students

As an international student:

ATAR equivalents are nationally comparable – Your IB 36 converts to approximately ATAR 95.75 whether applying to Melbourne or Perth
Different universities interpret equivalents differently – A Group of Eight university might be stricter than a regional university
State location affects cost of living – Meeting ATAR requirements is one thing; affording the city is another (check our cost comparison guide)
Course codes differ between states – Engineering (Honours) in one state might be standard Engineering elsewhere

Tips for Maximizing Your ATAR Equivalent

While you can’t change your final grades after exams, you can strategically strengthen your overall university application.

Focus on Subject Requirements for Your Course

Don’t just chase overall ATAR equivalent – ensure you have the right subjects.

✓ Check specific prerequisites early
✓ Prioritize subjects that align with your degree (e.g., Chemistry for Pharmacy, Mathematics for Engineering)
✓ Achieve strong grades in prerequisite subjects – even if your overall equivalent is borderline, strong prerequisite performance helps

Achieve Strong English Language Scores

English proficiency can make or break your application.

Minimum vs Competitive scores:

Minimum IELTS 6.5 might be required
IELTS 7.0+ makes you more competitive
Higher English scores can compensate for borderline ATAR equivalents

Pro tip: Some universities accept English sub-scores from IB or A-Level English instead of IELTS, which can save time and money.

Build a Competitive Profile Beyond Academics

For competitive courses, differentiate yourself:

📚 Academic achievements:

Subject awards or academic honors
Research projects or extended essays
Academic competitions (mathematics olympiad, science fairs, etc.)

🏆 Extracurricular activities:

Leadership positions in school organizations
Community service or volunteering
Sports or arts achievements
Work experience in relevant field

💼 Relevant experience:

Internships or job shadowing
Online courses or certifications in your field
Personal projects (coding projects for IT, blog for journalism, etc.)

These factors especially matter for courses with:

Personal statement requirements
Portfolio submissions
Interview stages
Competitive entry (Medicine, Law, etc.)

Research Course-Specific Requirements Early

Start at least 12-18 months before application:

Identify target courses and universities
Note specific requirements (ATAR equivalent, prerequisites, tests, portfolios)
Plan subject choices accordingly if still studying
Prepare for additional tests (UCAT, LSAT, etc.) if required
Build relevant experiences throughout your final school years

Understand Scaling for Applicable Qualifications

If you’re still completing your qualification:

For IB students:

Higher Level subjects contribute more to your overall score
Core components (Extended Essay, TOK, CAS) affect final score
Subject choice strategy matters – balance difficulty with achievability

For A-Level students:

Choose subjects you excel in while meeting university prerequisites
Consider taking 4 A-Levels instead of 3 if you’re strong academically
Timing of exams matters – plan your exam schedule strategically

For Indian CBSE/ICSE students:

Science stream often provides better pathways for technical courses
Mathematics and English marks are particularly scrutinized
Overall percentage matters, but subject-specific grades also count

Consider Strategic Course Selection

Apply to a range of courses across ATAR bands:

🎯 Reach courses (your ATAR equivalent is slightly below requirement)
📍 Target courses (you meet ATAR equivalent comfortably)
✅ Safety courses (your ATAR equivalent exceeds requirement)

Example strategy:

Your ATAR equivalent: 85
Reach: Bachelor of Commerce at Melbourne (requires ATAR 90)
Target: Bachelor of Business at Monash (requires ATAR 83)
Safety: Bachelor of Commerce at Deakin (requires ATAR 78)

This approach ensures you have options while still shooting for your preferred courses.

Explore Scholarships Based on Academic Merit

High ATAR equivalents can unlock scholarship opportunities:

ATAR equivalent 95+: Competitive for major scholarships
ATAR equivalent 90-94: Eligible for many partial tuition scholarships
ATAR equivalent 85-89: Some course-specific scholarships available

Check our comprehensive guide on scholarships for international students in Australia.

2026 Updates and Recent Changes

Stay informed about recent policy changes and updates affecting ATAR equivalents and international student admissions.

Latest Changes to ATAR Calculation (2025-2026)

Queensland ATAR refinements:

Ongoing adjustments following transition from OP system to ATAR
Better alignment with other states’ ATAR calculations

Western Australia changes:

TEA calculation changes from 2026
Modified scaling approaches to increase aggregate maximum

IB conversion updates:

Fine-grained IBAS (IB Admissions Score) conversion continues
2025-2026 conversion tables released December 2025
More precise differentiation between students with same whole-number IB scores

COVID-19 Related Considerations

While pandemic disruptions have largely normalized, some provisions continue:

Flexibility in predicted grades for students whose exams were affected
Extended validity periods for some English language tests
Online interview options for courses requiring interviews
Deferred entry policies more flexible than pre-2020

Changes to International Student Policies

Student visa work rights (Updated 2023-2024):

International students can work 48 hours per fortnight during study periods (previously unlimited during COVID)
Unlimited work hours during scheduled course breaks
Understanding work rights as an international student is crucial

English language requirements:

Some universities accepting Duolingo English Test
Medium of instruction waivers increasingly common for English-taught degrees

Post-study work visas:

Temporary Graduate Visa (subclass 485) requirements linked to study location
Regional study providing extra visa years
Check after-study options in Australia

University-Specific Updates

Conversion table changes:

Universities review and update conversion tables annually
Some universities becoming more selective (raising requirements)
Others expanding access (lowering requirements or offering more pathways)

New courses and pathways:

Increasing number of one-year masters programs
More online and hybrid bachelor degrees
Expansion of vocational courses leading to bachelor degrees

Important Reminders for 2026 Applications

✓ Always check current year’s conversion tables – Don’t rely on outdated information
✓ Verify English language test validity – Most tests valid for 2 years only
✓ Confirm course codes – Universities sometimes restructure courses
✓ Check application deadlines – Some courses have earlier deadlines
✓ Consider cost of living changes – Living costs have increased significantly

Helpful Resources for International Students

Official Tertiary Admission Centers

Universities Admissions Centre (NSW/ACT)
Website: www.uac.edu.au
Resources: IB conversion tables, course search, application guides

Victorian Tertiary Admissions Centre (VTAC)
Website: www.vtac.edu.au
Resources: ATAR explanation, course requirements, prerequisite checker

Queensland Tertiary Admissions Centre (QTAC)
Website: www.qtac.edu.au
Resources: ATAR information, course finder, eligibility checker

South Australian Tertiary Admissions Centre (SATAC)
Website: www.satac.edu.au
Resources: ATAR calculation explanation, course search

Tertiary Institutions Service Centre (WA)
Website: www.tisc.edu.au
Resources: TEA information, course listings, prerequisite guide

University International Admissions Offices

Direct contact for specific queries:

University of Melbourne: internationaladmissions@unimelb.edu.au
University of Sydney: international.admissions@sydney.edu.au
UNSW Sydney: international.admissions@unsw.edu.au
Monash University: international-admissions@monash.edu

Always contact universities directly for:

Specific qualification assessments
Course-specific requirements
Scholarship information
Application status queries

Government Resources

Study in Australia (Official Government Site)
Website: www.studyaustralia.gov.au
Resources: University search, course finder, cost calculators, visa information

Department of Home Affairs (Visa Information)
Website: immi.homeaffairs.gov.au
Resources: Student visa requirements, application guides, visa conditions

Australian Qualifications Framework
Website: www.aqf.edu.au
Resources: Understanding Australian qualifications, level comparisons

ATAR Calculators and Conversion Tools

Important disclaimer: Online ATAR calculators provide estimates only. Official conversions are done by universities during the application process.

Useful calculator resources:

UAC ATAR calculator (for HSC students)
VTAC ATAR calculator (for VCE students)
University-specific conversion tools on admissions pages

Financial Planning Resources

Understanding costs alongside ATAR requirements:

Employment and Work Resources

Planning to work while studying:

Additional Application Support

Community and Support Networks

University international student support:

Most universities have dedicated International Student Services
Free workshops on academic writing, time management, cultural adjustment
Peer mentoring programs
Social events and orientation programs

Online communities:

University-specific Facebook groups for international students
Reddit communities (r/AustralianStudents, r/InternationalStudent)
City-specific student groups

Learn about making friends as an international student and joining clubs and societies.

Contact Information for Further Help

For ATAR-related queries:

Contact the relevant state TAC (links above)
Email university international admissions offices
Visit university international student websites

For visa-related queries:

Department of Home Affairs: 1300 364 365 (within Australia)
Official website: immi.homeaffairs.gov.au
Consider consulting a registered migration agent

For course and study advice:

University course advisors (free)
IDP Education, StudyCo, or other registered education agents
Check our guide on using education agents

Conclusion

Understanding ATAR and equivalent scores is a crucial step in your Australian study journey, but remember – it’s just one piece of the puzzle. While ATAR equivalents determine your eligibility for courses, your success in Australia will depend on many other factors: your English proficiency, financial planning, course selection, work-life balance, and ability to adapt to a new educational system and culture.

Key takeaways to remember:

International students don’t receive ATAR – your qualifications are converted to ATAR equivalents by universities
Conversions are standardized but approximate – each university may interpret them slightly differently
Meeting the ATAR equivalent is necessary but not sufficient – you also need English proficiency, prerequisites, and sometimes additional selection criteria
Multiple pathways exist – if your ATAR equivalent falls short, foundation programs, diplomas, and TAFE pathways can get you to your goal
Start early and research thoroughly – understanding requirements 12-18 months before application gives you time to strengthen your profile

Australia’s education system is designed to be accessible and fair, with recognition of diverse international qualifications and multiple entry pathways. Whether your ATAR equivalent is 70 or 99, there are quality courses and universities that will welcome you.

Your next steps:

✅ Calculate your approximate ATAR equivalent using the conversion tables in this guide
✅ Identify 3-5 universities and courses that match your ATAR equivalent range
✅ Check specific entry requirements including prerequisites and English requirements
✅ Explore pathway options if needed (foundation, diploma, TAFE)
✅ Start your application 3-6 months before your intended start date
✅ Plan your finances using our cost of living guides
✅ Prepare for student visa application once you receive your offer

Remember, thousands of international students successfully navigate this process every year. With proper planning, research, and realistic goal-setting, you’ll soon be on your way to studying in Australia. The ATAR equivalent might seem like a gatekeeper now, but it’s really just a standardized measure to ensure you’re academically prepared for your chosen course.

Good luck with your applications! Australia’s universities, vibrant cities, and welcoming culture are waiting for you.

Frequently Asked Questions About ATAR for International Students

General ATAR Questions

Q1: Can I improve my ATAR equivalent after I’ve already graduated?

No, your ATAR equivalent is based on your final secondary school qualifications, which cannot be changed after graduation. However, you have several options if your ATAR equivalent is too low:

Complete a foundation program (6-12 months) which provides guaranteed entry upon completion
Study a diploma and transfer to second year of a bachelor degree
Enroll in enabling courses that prepare you for university entry
Apply for mature age entry if you’re over 21 (based on work/life experience, not ATAR)
Complete additional qualifications like A-Levels, IB, or take SAT tests

Your pathway might take slightly longer, but you can still reach your study goals. Check our guide on alternative pathways to university for detailed options.

Q2: Do all Australian universities use the same ATAR conversion tables?

No, while conversion methods are similar, each university creates its own conversion tables. Most universities follow guidelines from tertiary admission centers, but you might notice slight variations:

University of Melbourne might convert IB 36 to ATAR 95.75
Another university might convert the same IB 36 to ATAR 94.50-96.00

These differences are usually small (1-3 ATAR points), but they can matter for borderline applications. Always check the specific university’s conversion table on their international admissions page.

Pro tip: If one university’s conversion is unfavorable, apply to others where your qualification converts better.

Q3: What if my qualification isn’t listed in any conversion table?

If your qualification isn’t listed, don’t panic – universities assess hundreds of different qualifications. Here’s what to do:

Contact the university’s international admissions office directly with:
- Your qualification name and country
- Your final grades/scores
- Grading scale used (e.g., percentage, GPA, letter grades)
Ask for a pre-assessment before formally applying
Provide detailed documentation:
- Official transcripts
- Grading scale explanation from your institution
- Course syllabi if available

Universities have experience with obscure qualifications and will conduct individual assessments. Processing might take 2-4 weeks longer than standard applications.

Q4: Can I use my university GPA instead of ATAR equivalent?

It depends on the course you’re applying for:

For undergraduate (bachelor) courses: Generally no, unless you:

Have completed at least 1 year of full-time university study (48 credit points equivalent)
Are applying as a transfer student
Meet specific course requirements

In this case, universities will assess your tertiary GPA rather than secondary school results.

For postgraduate (masters/graduate diploma) courses: Yes, your bachelor degree GPA is what matters, not your secondary school ATAR equivalent.

If you have both secondary and tertiary qualifications, universities typically assess you based on whichever is strongest.

Learn more about masters vs graduate diploma options if you’re considering postgraduate study.

Q5: Are ATAR conversion tables updated every year?

Yes, conversion tables are reviewed and updated annually (sometimes more frequently). Changes occur because:

Student performance distributions change each year
Curriculum modifications in international qualifications
Statistical alignment needs adjustment
University policies evolve

What this means for you:

Don’t rely on conversion tables from 2-3 years ago
Check the current year’s conversion table when applying
Tables are usually released by tertiary admission centers in November-December
Your IB 36 in 2024 might convert slightly differently than IB 36 in 2026

Always verify conversions on official university or TAC websites dated for your application year.

Application Process Questions

Q6: Do I apply through ATAR system or directly to universities?

Most international students studying overseas apply directly to universities, NOT through the ATAR/TAC system.

Apply through TAC (UAC/VTAC/QTAC) if: ✅ You’re completing Year 12 in Australia ✅ You’re an Australian citizen, PR, or NZ citizen with international qualifications

Apply directly to universities if: ✅ You’re an international student studying overseas ✅ You have IB, A-Levels, or other international qualifications from outside Australia

How direct application works:

Visit university’s international student portal
Complete online application form
Upload required documents
Pay application fee (AUD $50-$150)
University assesses and converts your qualification
Receive offer letter if eligible

Check our documents checklist for university applications to prepare properly.

Q7: How long does it take for universities to convert my qualification and make a decision?

Typical timeline:

Standard applications: 2-4 weeks for initial assessment
Complex qualifications: 4-6 weeks if university needs to research your qualification
Peak application periods (November-January): 4-8 weeks due to high volume
Applications with missing documents: Additional 1-2 weeks per request

Factors affecting processing time:

Time of year (peak vs off-peak)
Completeness of your application
Whether your qualification is commonly seen
University workload
Course competitiveness (competitive courses may take longer)

To speed up the process: ✓ Apply early (3-6 months before course start) ✓ Submit all documents at once ✓ Ensure documents are certified/translated ✓ Respond quickly to any university requests

Q8: Can I apply to multiple universities at the same time?

Yes, absolutely! There’s no limit to how many Australian universities you can apply to simultaneously. In fact, applying to 3-5 universities is recommended.

Strategic application approach:

🎯 Reach universities (1-2): Your ATAR equivalent is 3-5 points below requirement

You’re hopeful but not certain
Example: ATAR equivalent 85, applying to course requiring 90

📍 Target universities (2-3): Your ATAR equivalent meets or slightly exceeds requirement

Strong chance of admission
Example: ATAR equivalent 85, applying to courses requiring 82-85

✅ Safety universities (1-2): Your ATAR equivalent significantly exceeds requirement

Very high probability of admission
Example: ATAR equivalent 85, applying to courses requiring 75-78

Cost considerations: Each application costs AUD $50-$150, so applying to 5 universities = AUD $250-$750 total.

Q9: What happens if I’m offered admission but my ATAR equivalent is borderline?

If you receive an offer despite having a borderline ATAR equivalent, congratulations – accept it! Here’s what might have happened:

Possible reasons:

Competitive course wasn’t fully subscribed – Not enough applicants, so university accepted slightly lower ATAR equivalents
Your other application components were strong – Excellent personal statement, relevant experience, strong English scores
University applies holistic assessment – They valued your overall profile beyond just numbers
Published ATAR is guaranteed/competitive entry, not minimum – Actual entry requirements can be lower
Conditional offer – You might need to complete additional requirements

Should you accept? ✓ Yes, if it’s your preferred course – Meeting published ATAR exactly doesn’t matter once you’re offered ✓ Read the offer conditions carefully – Ensure you can meet any conditions (English tests, prerequisite subjects, etc.) ✓ Accept quickly – Offers can be time-sensitive

Understanding how to choose the right course helps you make informed decisions.

Q10: Can I defer my university offer if I’m not ready to start immediately?

Most Australian universities allow deferral, but policies vary:

Typical deferral policies:

Deferral period: Usually 6-12 months (1-2 semesters)
Application: Request deferral in writing before course starts
Conditions: Must have compelling reasons (financial, medical, family)
Fees: Deposit usually still required, sometimes non-refundable

When deferral is commonly granted: ✅ Financial difficulties with evidence ✅ Medical reasons (with documentation) ✅ Family emergencies ✅ Visa processing delays ✅ Travel restrictions (post-COVID policies may vary)

When deferral might be denied: ❌ Simply “changed mind” ❌ Want to apply to other universities ❌ Insufficient planning ❌ Already deferred once before

Alternative: Some universities allow you to decline the current offer and reapply for the next intake, but you’ll need to reapply and pay fees again.

Conversion and Equivalency Questions

Q11: Why do conversion tables show ranges (e.g., 80-85) instead of exact numbers?

ATAR conversion is not an exact science – it’s a statistical approximation. Ranges exist because:

Different grading systems aren’t perfectly comparable
- IB uses 1-7 scale with specific criteria
- A-Levels use letter grades
- Indian boards use percentages
- Each measures achievement differently
Context matters beyond just the score
- Subject difficulty within your curriculum
- School quality and reputation
- Overall cohort performance
- Year-to-year variations
Universities have some discretion
- Course-specific needs (e.g., strong math background for engineering)
- Holistic assessment of your application
- Competitiveness of applicant pool

Example: IB 30 might convert to ATAR 86.50 as a baseline, but:

With strong Higher Level subjects → treated as 87.50
With weak subject combination → treated as 85.50

Practical impact: If a course requires ATAR 85 and you’re in the 80-85 range, you’re borderline and should apply with strong supporting documents.

Q12: Is IB considered better than other qualifications in Australia?

No, IB is not considered “better” than other qualifications – it’s simply different. Australian universities recognize all major international qualifications equally.

Perceptions and reality:

Advantages of IB: ✓ Well-established conversion system (IBAS/Combined Rank) ✓ Standardized globally (same exam everywhere) ✓ Detailed conversion tables available ✓ Familiar to Australian universities

Advantages of A-Levels: ✓ Subject-specific depth (important for prerequisite assessment) ✓ Flexible subject combinations ✓ Well-understood by Australian universities ✓ Strong recognition for UK-educated students

Advantages of national curricula (Indian CBSE, Chinese Gaokao, etc.): ✓ Recognized and understood by universities ✓ Large applicant pools mean established conversion processes ✓ Often cost-effective to complete in home country

What actually matters:

Your final scores within your qualification
Meeting subject prerequisites for your chosen course
English language proficiency
Overall application quality

Choose the qualification that suits your learning style and circumstances, not based on perceived Australian university preferences.

Q13: Can I use my ATAR equivalent to apply to universities in other countries?

Yes, but with limitations. ATAR (and ATAR equivalents) are primarily used in Australia, but:

Countries that may recognize ATAR:

New Zealand: Directly comparable to NCEA Rank Scores
UK: Some universities accept ATAR as part of application (usually need ATAR 90+ for Russell Group)
Singapore: Recognized alongside other qualifications
Some Middle Eastern universities: Accept ATAR for international students

Countries that generally DON’T use ATAR:

USA: Uses SAT/ACT, GPA, and holistic admissions
Canada: Uses high school GPA and course-specific grades
Europe: Country-specific matriculation systems
Most Asian countries: National examination systems

If studying outside Australia:

Use your original qualification (IB, A-Levels, CBSE, etc.) rather than ATAR equivalent
Your IB 36, for example, is recognized globally without conversion
ATAR equivalent is useful context but not primary credential

Learn about using your Australian degree internationally if you plan to return home after study.

Q14: How do universities verify my international qualification results?

Universities use multiple verification methods to ensure authenticity:

Standard verification process:

Document requirements:
- Official transcripts (sealed, stamped, or certified)
- Graduation certificate/diploma (certified copies)
- English translations by certified translators if needed
- School letterhead for any supporting documents
Verification services:
- IB students: Results sent directly from IBO (International Baccalaureate Organization) to universities via authorization
- A-Levels: Electronic verification through examination boards (Pearson, Cambridge, etc.)
- Other qualifications: May use credential verification services
Direct contact:
- Universities may contact your school/institution directly
- Phone or email verification of results
- Request for additional documentation

Red flags that trigger extra scrutiny: ❌ Results significantly higher than transcript pattern suggests ❌ Documents that look altered or photocopied multiple times ❌ Missing institutional stamps or signatures ❌ Results from institutions with verification concerns

How to ensure smooth verification: ✓ Submit original certified copies (certified by notary public, justice of peace, or authorized education agent) ✓ Keep original documents safe (never send originals unless absolutely required) ✓ Authorize IB/examination boards to release results directly to universities ✓ Provide contact details for your school/institution ✓ Be patient – verification can take 1-3 weeks

Q15: What if my qualification includes subjects not commonly recognized in Australia?

Universities are flexible with subject recognition. Here’s how uncommon subjects are handled:

Common scenarios:

Scenario 1: Subject has Australian equivalent

Your “Additional Mathematics” = Australian “Mathematical Methods”
Your “Combined Science” = Australian “Biology/Chemistry/Physics”
Direct prerequisite recognition

Scenario 2: Subject is unique to your system

Your “Computer Applications” might not have exact Australian match
University assesses course content and learning outcomes
May accept as elective credit or general science/technology subject

Scenario 3: Language subjects (non-English)

LOTE (Languages Other Than English) usually count toward ATAR equivalent
May not count as English prerequisite unless it’s English Language/Literature
Some universities offer LOTE bonus points

What you should do:

✓ Provide detailed syllabi for unusual subjects (course descriptions, learning outcomes) ✓ Explain in your application what the subject covered ✓ Contact university before applying if concerned about prerequisite matching ✓ Highlight transferable skills from unique subjects

Example:

Subject: “Information & Communication Technology”
Not exact match for “Computer Science” prerequisite
Provide syllabus showing programming, algorithms, data structures
University likely accepts for IT course entry

Specific Circumstance Questions

Q16: I completed my secondary education in multiple countries. Which qualification do universities use?

Universities can assess multiple qualifications and typically use whichever is strongest:

Options available:

Option 1: Most recent qualification

Completed Year 10-11 in Country A, Year 12 in Country B
Universities assess your final Year 12 qualification from Country B
Previous years provide context but final qualification determines ATAR equivalent

Option 2: Combination of qualifications

Some universities may consider subjects from different systems
Example: A-Levels for some subjects + IB for others
Less common, requires individual assessment

Option 3: Higher qualification takes precedence

If you completed secondary school then did IB Diploma
IB Diploma (higher qualification) would be assessed
Earlier secondary certificate becomes supplementary

How to present multiple qualifications:

✓ Clearly state your final qualification (what you graduated with) ✓ Provide all transcripts from all countries/systems ✓ Explain your education pathway in personal statement or cover letter ✓ Highlight strengths from each system

Red flag to avoid: Don’t try to “cherry-pick” best results from different systems unless universities explicitly allow it. This can appear misleading.

Q17: I took gap years after finishing school. Does this affect my ATAR equivalent?

Gap years generally do NOT negatively affect your ATAR equivalent, but there are considerations:

Age of qualification:

Most universities accept qualifications completed within 5-7 years
Older qualifications may require additional assessment
Some courses (especially Medicine, Dentistry) prefer recent study

Positive aspects of gap years: ✓ Work experience in relevant field strengthens application ✓ Improved English proficiency if spent in English-speaking environment ✓ Maturity and focus often viewed positively ✓ Additional qualifications (certifications, online courses) complement your application

Potential concerns: ❌ Very old qualifications (10+ years) might require foundation/bridging courses ❌ Long gap with no activity might raise questions (address in personal statement) ❌ Prerequisite knowledge decay (especially for technical subjects)

How to address gap years positively:

✓ In personal statement: Explain what you did during gap years (work, travel, family responsibilities) ✓ Highlight growth: Skills developed, experiences gained, career clarity achieved ✓ Show commitment: Explain why you’re now ready and motivated for university study ✓ Consider refresher courses: If gap is long, online courses in relevant subjects help

Learn about mature age entry options if you’re over 21 and took extended gap years.

Q18: Do Australian universities accept predicted grades or do I need final results?

It depends on your qualification and application timing:

IB Predicted Grades: ✅ Accepted for conditional offers before final results ✅ Many students apply in October-November with predicted grades ✅ Receive conditional offer based on predicted grades ✅ Must meet predicted grades when final results released (January) ✅ Offer converts to unconditional upon meeting conditions

A-Level Predicted Grades: ✅ Similarly accepted for conditional offers ✅ Must achieve predicted grades when final results released ✅ Universities may accept slightly lower if close to predictions

Other Qualifications:

CBSE/ICSE: Some universities accept Class 11 results for provisional assessment
Gaokao: Must wait for final results before applying
STPM, HKDSE, etc.: Policies vary by university

Process with predicted grades:

Apply with predicted grades (5-8 months before course starts)
Receive conditional offer (e.g., “Conditional on achieving IB 36”)
Submit final results when available
Offer confirmed if conditions met, or offer withdrawn if conditions not met

What if you don’t meet predicted grades?

Some universities accept applicants 1-2 points below if close
Contact admissions office to discuss options
May need to defer to next intake or choose different course
Pathway programs remain available

Q19: Can I appeal if I think my qualification was converted incorrectly?

Yes, you can request review, but success depends on evidence:

Valid grounds for appeal:

✅ Calculation error: University made mathematical mistake in conversion ✅ Wrong conversion table used: Applied outdated or incorrect table ✅ Didn’t consider all subjects: Missed subjects that should count ✅ Misunderstood qualification: Applied wrong criteria for your specific qualification

How to appeal:

Review conversion decision carefully
- Request written explanation of how ATAR equivalent was calculated
- Compare against university’s published conversion tables
- Check if all your subjects were considered
Gather evidence:
- Official conversion tables from tertiary admission centers
- Other universities’ assessments of your qualification (if different)
- Detailed transcript and grading scale
- Official qualification authority guidelines
Submit formal appeal:
- Write to international admissions office
- Clearly explain why you believe conversion is incorrect
- Provide supporting evidence
- Be respectful and professional
Escalate if necessary:
- Request review by senior admissions officer
- Contact university ombudsman (formal complaints process)

Weak grounds for appeal: ❌ “I think I deserve higher ATAR equivalent” (without evidence) ❌ “Another university gave me higher conversion” (each university sets own policies) ❌ “I need higher ATAR equivalent to get in” (emotional reasoning)

Timeline: Appeals typically take 2-4 weeks. If applying close to semester start, have backup plan.

Alternative: If appeal is unsuccessful, consider alternative pathways like foundation programs.

Q20: Are there ATAR equivalent requirements for English language courses or foundation programs?

English language courses (ELICOS):

NO ATAR equivalent required
Entry based purely on English language test scores
Usually require IELTS 4.0-5.5 depending on program level
Can be combined with pathway to university (packaged offer)

Foundation programs (Pre-university programs):

YES, but requirements are much lower than direct bachelor entry
Typical ATAR equivalent: 50-70 (varies by university)
Some foundation programs require only completed secondary education without specific ATAR

Typical foundation requirements:

University Tier	Foundation ATAR Equivalent	Leads to Bachelor ATAR
Group of Eight	65-75	85-99
Other Metro Unis	55-70	75-85
Regional Unis	50-65	65-80

Why foundation programs are accessible:

✓ Designed for below-requirement students – That’s their purpose ✓ Lower entry threshold – ATAR equivalent 60-70 vs 85-95 for direct entry ✓ English development focus – Can start with lower English (IELTS 5.5 vs 6.5) ✓ Guaranteed pathway – Upon completion, automatic entry to bachelor degree

Diplomas and TAFE courses:

Even more flexible entry
ATAR equivalent 50-70 typical
Some TAFE courses require only completion of Year 12 equivalent
Check cheapest TAFE options if cost is a concern

Course-Specific Questions

Q21: What ATAR equivalent do I need for Medicine or Dentistry?

Medicine and Dentistry are Australia’s most competitive courses with extremely high requirements:

ATAR equivalent requirements:

Medicine:

Top universities (Melbourne, Sydney, UNSW): ATAR 99.00-99.95
Other Go8 universities: ATAR 97.00-99.00
Regional universities: ATAR 95.00-97.00 (e.g., Charles Sturt, Griffith)

Dentistry:

Similar to Medicine: ATAR 95.00-99.50 depending on university

But ATAR equivalent is NOT enough:

Additional requirements:

UCAT (University Clinical Aptitude Test):
- Standardized test assessing cognitive abilities
- Verbal reasoning, decision making, quantitative reasoning
- Situational judgement
- Score heavily weighted in selection
Interviews:
- Multiple Mini Interviews (MMI) format common
- Assesses communication, empathy, ethical reasoning
- Can make or break your application
Subject prerequisites:
- Chemistry: Always required
- Biology: Usually required or recommended
- Mathematics: Often required
Personal statement:
- Must demonstrate motivation for medicine
- Relevant experience (volunteering, healthcare exposure)
- Understanding of medical career
Portfolio evidence:
- Volunteer work in healthcare settings
- Community service
- Leadership experiences

Reality check: Even with ATAR 99.95, admission isn’t guaranteed. Medicine programs accept only ~200-400 students annually with thousands of applicants.

Alternative pathways:

Graduate-entry Medicine: Complete any bachelor degree first, then apply to graduate-entry programs (assessed on GPA, GAMSAT, interview)
Undergraduate programs at regional universities: Slightly lower ATAR requirements
Bonded Medical Places: Commit to working in rural areas post-graduation for lower entry requirements

Learn about health science course options including nursing which has more accessible entry.

Q22: What ATAR equivalent do Engineering students typically need?

Engineering ATAR requirements vary by university and specialization:

Group of Eight universities:

Software/Computer Engineering: ATAR 85-92
Electrical/Electronic: ATAR 85-90
Mechanical/Aerospace: ATAR 85-92
Civil/Structural: ATAR 80-88
Chemical/Biomedical: ATAR 85-91

Other metropolitan universities:

Most engineering disciplines: ATAR 75-85
UTS, RMIT, QUT: ATAR 78-88 typically

Regional universities:

Most engineering disciplines: ATAR 70-80

Subject prerequisites for Engineering (CRITICAL):

✅ Mathematics (Advanced/Higher level):

IB: Mathematics HL recommended (minimum SL)
A-Levels: A-Level Mathematics (grade B+ minimum)
Indian CBSE: Mathematics 75%+ in Class 12
Essential for all engineering disciplines

✅ Physics (highly recommended):

IB: Physics SL or HL
A-Levels: A-Level Physics
Especially important for Mechanical, Electrical, Civil

Even if you meet ATAR equivalent:

Without Mathematics prerequisite → Application rejected
Without Physics → May be accepted but strongly disadvantaged

What if you lack prerequisites?

Bridging courses: 6-12 week intensive Mathematics/Physics courses
Foundation programs: Include Mathematics and Physics
Diploma pathway: Study Mathematics units as part of diploma

Check our guide on choosing engineering majors in Australia and Bachelor of IT alternatives if computer-focused.

Q23: Do Business and Commerce courses have lower ATAR requirements?

Business courses span a wide ATAR range depending on university prestige:

Highly competitive (ATAR 85-95):

University of Melbourne: Bachelor of Commerce (ATAR 90-95)
University of Sydney: Bachelor of Commerce (ATAR 90-95)
UNSW: Bachelor of Commerce (ATAR 88-93)
Monash: Bachelor of Business/Commerce (ATAR 85-90)

Moderate entry (ATAR 75-85):

UTS: Bachelor of Business (ATAR 78-83)
RMIT: Bachelor of Business (ATAR 75-80)
QUT: Bachelor of Business (ATAR 78-85)
Deakin: Bachelor of Commerce (ATAR 75-82)

Accessible entry (ATAR 65-75):

Victoria University: Bachelor of Business (ATAR 65-70)
Western Sydney University: Bachelor of Business (ATAR 70-75)
CQUniversity: Bachelor of Business (ATAR 65)

Why the range is so wide:

University reputation affects demand (Go8 vs regional)
Location (Sydney/Melbourne vs regional cities)
Course specializations (Finance might require higher ATAR than General Business)
Employment outcomes drive demand

Subject prerequisites:

Usually none except English
Mathematics helpful but rarely required
Makes Business accessible for students from diverse academic backgrounds

Strategic considerations:

✓ If ATAR equivalent is 75-80: Apply to mid-tier and regional universities

✓ If ATAR equivalent is 85+: Competitive at top universities

✓ Consider double degrees (Business/Law, Business/IT) which may have higher requirements

Also explore Masters in Business fields if you already have a bachelor degree.

Q24: What if I want to study IT or Computer Science – what ATAR do I need?

IT and Computer Science ATAR requirements:

Computer Science (more theoretical, algorithmic):

Group of Eight: ATAR 85-92
UTS/RMIT/QUT: ATAR 80-88
Regional universities: ATAR 70-80

Information Technology (more applied, practical):

Go8 universities: ATAR 80-88
Metro universities: ATAR 75-85
Regional/online: ATAR 65-75

Software Engineering (engineering pathway):

Similar to Computer Science: ATAR 85-92
Requires Mathematics prerequisite

IT Support/Network Engineering:

TAFE diplomas: ATAR equivalent 50-65
Applied bachelor degrees: ATAR 70-78

Subject prerequisites:

Computer Science:

Mathematics often required (Advanced/Methods level)
Physics recommended

Information Technology:

Usually no specific prerequisites
Mathematics helpful but not required
More accessible pathway

Why choose IT vs Computer Science:

Computer Science → Choose if you have:

Strong mathematics background
Interest in algorithms, theory, research
Higher ATAR equivalent (85+)

Information Technology → Choose if you want:

More practical, industry-focused skills
Don’t have mathematics prerequisite
ATAR equivalent 70-85

Pathways if ATAR is lower:

Diploma of IT → Transfer to Bachelor of IT Year 2
TAFE Certificate IV in IT → Diploma → Bachelor
Online IT degrees often have lower entry requirements

Check our comprehensive Bachelor of IT guide and Masters of IT options for detailed information.

Q25: Are ATAR requirements the same for international students and domestic students?

Generally YES, but with important nuances:

Official policy:

Same ATAR equivalent requirements apply to both groups
Same course entry standards maintained
Same assessment criteria used

Practical differences:

1. Quota systems:

Some universities have separate quotas for international vs domestic students
International students compete within international pool
May be easier or harder depending on applicant numbers in each pool

2. Adjustment factors:

Domestic students eligible for bonus points (regional, disadvantage, subject bonuses)
International students (studying overseas) generally NOT eligible for adjustments
This can make effective ATAR requirement slightly different

3. Competitiveness varies:

Domestic students: Medicine ATAR 99.5 might accept only 100/5000 applicants
International students: Same ATAR requirement but competing in smaller pool

4. International student quotas:

Universities allocate specific places to international students
Sometimes more flexible in borderline cases to fill international quota
Sometimes more competitive if international demand is very high

5. Tuition implications:

International students pay full fees (AUD $30,000-$50,000/year)
Domestic students may have subsidized places (lower fees)
Universities have financial incentive to enroll international students

What this means practically:

✓ Meet published ATAR requirement as baseline ✓ Don’t expect special treatment as international student ✓ Do expect fair assessment using standard conversion tables ✓ If borderline, strong English and complete application improve chances

Regional universities may be more flexible with international students due to lower overall demand compared to city universities.

This guide was last updated January 2026. ATAR conversion tables and university requirements change annually. Always verify current information with official sources and university websites.